Fish Oil Research Today is a free monthly online journal that collates and summarizes the latest research about Fish Oil, including details on omega-3, dosage, health benefits, diet.

Short Communication: PPAR{gamma} Mediates a Direct Antiangiogenic Effect of {omega}3-PUFAs in Proliferative Retinopathy.

Stahl A, Sapieha P, Connor KM, Sangiovanni JP, Chen J, Aderman CM, Willett KL, Krah NM, Dennison RJ, Seaward MR, Guerin KI, Hua J, Smith LE

Harvard Medical School, Children's Hospital Boston, 300 Longwood Ave, Boston MA 02115. lois.smith@childrens.harvard.edu.

Rationale: Omega3 long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (omega3-PUFAs) are powerful modulators of angiogenesis. However, little is known about the mechanisms governing omega3-PUFA-dependent attenuation of angiogenesis. Objective: This study aims to identify a major mechanism by which omega3-PUFAs attenuate retinal neovascularization. Methods and Results: Administering omega3-PUFAs exclusively during the neovascular stage of the mouse model of oxygen-induced retinopathy induces a direct neovascularization reduction of more than 40% without altering vasoobliteration or the regrowth of normal vessels. Cotreatment with an inhibitor of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR)gamma almost completely abrogates this effect. Inhibition of PPARgamma also reverses the omega3-PUFA-induced reduction of retinal tumor necrosis factor-alpha, intercellular adhesion molecule-1, vascular cell adhesion molecule-1, endothelial selectin, and angiopoietin 2 but not vascular endothelial growth factor. Conclusions: These results identify a direct, PPARgamma-mediated effect of omega3-PUFAs on retinal neovascularization formation and retinal angiogenic activation that is independent of vascular endothelial growth factor.

Published 20 August 2010 in Circ Res, 107(4): 495-500.
Full-text of this article is available online (may require subscription).

Articles on Fish Oil published 20 August 2010:

Stabilization of a nutraceutical omega-3 Fatty Acid by encapsulation in ultrathin electrosprayed zein prolamine.   J Food Sci, 75(6): N69-79.

Docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) is a long chain polyunsaturated fatty acid of the omega-3 series (omega-3), which exerts strong positive influences on human health. The target of this study was the stabilization by encapsulation of this bioactive ingredient in zein ultrathin capsules produced by electrospraying. The zein ultrathin DHA encapsulation was observed by ATR-FTIR spectroscopy to be more efficient against degradation under both ambient conditions and in a confined space (so-called headspace ... [Abstract] [Full-text]

Microencapsulation of fish oil by spray granulation and fluid bed film coating.   J Food Sci, 75(6): E359-71.

The stability of microencapsulated fish oil prepared with 2 production processes, spray granulation (SG) and SG followed by film coating (SG-FC) using a fluid bed equipment, was investigated. In the 1st process, 3 types of fish oil used were based on the ratios of eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) (10/50, 33/22, and 18/12). Each type was emulsified with soluble soybean polysaccharide (SSPS) and maltodextrin to produce 25% oil powders. In the 2nd process, 15% film ... [Abstract] [Full-text]

Resolvin E1 Regulates Adenosine Diphosphate Activation of Human Platelets.   Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol.

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the ability of resolvin E1 (RvE1) to regulate adenosine diphosphate (ADP) activation of platelets via specific receptors because RvE1 reduces platelet aggregation with certain agonists, including ADP. METHODS AND RESULTS: RvE1 is an eicosapentaenoic acid-derived specialized proresolving mediator generated during the resolution of acute inflammation. RvE1 exhibits potent organ-protective actions in vivo and acts on specific cell types, including platelets. RvE1, 0.1 to ... [Abstract] [Full-text]

Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) contamination and aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) agonist activity of Omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid supplements: Implications for daily intake of dioxins and PCBs.   Food Chem Toxicol.

Omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid (n-3 PUFA) rich oils derived primarily from fish are frequently consumed as supplements. Due to the tendency of persistent organic pollutants (POPs) to accumulate in exposed organisms, n-3 PUFA supplements can contain sufficient POPs to present a risk to consumers. Here we investigated PCB concentrations and aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) agonist activity in 17 n-3 PUFA supplements available in Canada. PCBs ranged from <0.8 to 793ngg(-1) oil, with salmon- ... [Abstract] [Full-text]

Articles on Fish Oil published 19 August 2010:

Sodium appetite in adult rats following omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid deficiency in early development.   Appetite.

We examined the effect of omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) deficiency during development on sodium appetite. Being raised on an omega-3 PUFA deficient diet increased the intake of 0.5M NaCl following furosemide-induced sodium depletion by 40%. This occurred regardless of the diet they were maintained on later in life, and the increased consumption persisted for 3 days. In a second study, animals were administered furosemide and low-dose captopril. Sodium consumption of deficient raised ... [Abstract] [Full-text]

Potential of Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy in Assessing the Effect of Fatty Acids on Inflammatory Bowel Disease in an Animal Model.   Lipids.

People with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) are at risk for developing colorectal cancer, and this risk increases at a rate of 1% per year after 8-10 years of having the disease. Saturated and omega-6 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) have been implicated in its causation. Conversely, omega-3 PUFAs may have the potential to confer therapeutic benefit. Since proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy ((1)H MRS) combined with pattern recognition methods could be a valuable adjunct to histology, ... [Abstract] [Full-text]

Metabolomic approach to the nutraceutical effect of rosemary extract plus omega-3 PUFAs in diabetic children with capillary electrophoresis.   J Pharm Biomed Anal.

Type 1 diabetes mellitus is a major endocrine disorder, affecting approximately 5% of the world's population. It not only leads to hyperglycaemia but also causes many complications, and numerous studies have demonstrated that oxidative stress contributes to these complications. As a new strategy to improve the oxidative damage in diabetes, interest has grown in the usage of natural antioxidants, even more in the long term. Among them, Rosmarinus officinalis (rosemary) has been widely accepted ... [Abstract] [Full-text]

Association of omega-3 fatty acids and homocysteine concentrations in pre-eclampsia.   Clin Nutr.

BACKGROUND & AIMS: The present study examines the associations of folic acid, vitamin B(12) and omega-3 fatty acids and increased homocysteine which are implicated in the pathology of pre-eclampsia. METHODS: 49 Pre-eclamptic and 57 normotensive women were recruited at Bharati hospital, Pune, India. Plasma folate, vitamin B(12), homocysteine and erythrocyte omega-3 and omega-6 fatty acids were analyzed. RESULTS: Homocysteine concentrations were higher in pre-eclamptic than in normotensive ... [Abstract] [Full-text]

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